Tare da ci gaba da ci gaban fasahar masana'antu na zamani na ƙasata, matakin samar da masana'antu na ƙasata ya sami ingantuwa sosai, kuma an inganta haɓakar masana'antu gaba ɗaya.A matsayin na'ura mai mahimmanci a cikin samar da masana'antu, centrifugal compressors za su sami wasu kurakurai yayin aikin su.Daga cikin su, haɓakar zafin jiki na bushes masu ɗaukar nauyi ya fi kowa, wanda zai shafi gabaɗayan aikin centrifugal compressors, kuma a lokuta masu tsanani zai haifar da manyan matsaloli.gazawar, wanda ya haifar da raguwar ingancin samarwa.A saboda wannan dalili, wannan takarda tana gudanar da bincike mai zurfi da bincike kan dalilan da ke haifar da hauhawar zafin jiki na centrifugal compressor bearing daji, da kuma gabatar da ra'ayoyi iri-iri da matakan da suka dace, da nufin kara haɓaka aikin haɓakawa na centrifugal compressor. magance matsalar da ake fama da ita a halin yanzu na ɗaukar yanayin hawan daji.Haɗarin tsaro mai girma.
Mahimman kalmomi: centrifugal compressor;daji mai ɗauka;hawan zafi;babban dalili;m matakan kariya
Domin bincika takamaiman dalilai na hawan zafin jiki na centrifugal compressor bearing daji, wannan takarda ta zaɓi centrifugal compressor na L Enterprise a matsayin abin bincike.The centrifugal kwampreso ne 100,000 m³/h iska rabuwa naúrar iska centrifugal kwampreso, yafi Iskar da aka matsa, da kuma shigo da iska na 0.5MPa za a iya matsa zuwa 5.02MPa, rabu sa'an nan kuma kai zuwa wasu tsarin don amfani.A lokacin aikin samar da kamfanin L, centrifugal compressor ya sami sau da yawa na yawan zafin jiki na daji mai ɗaukar nauyi, kuma kowane lokacin hawan zafin jiki ya bambanta, wanda ya shafi aikin al'ada da aminci na centrifugal compressor.Don magance wannan matsala, ya zama dole a gano centrifugal compressor, ta yadda za a iya gano musabbabin da kuma samar da matakan da za a bi a kimiyya.
1 centrifugal compressor kayan aiki kaikaice
L kamfanin 100,000 m³ / h iska rabuwa naúrar iska centrifugal kwampreso ne na kowa irin kwampreso a halin yanzu kasuwa, da model ne EBZ45-2+2+2, da shaft diamita ne 120mm.The centrifugal kwampreso yana kunshe da turbine turbi, akwatin mai sauri da kwampreso.Haɗin shaft ɗin da ke tsakanin kwampreso, akwatin mai sauri da turbine turbine haɗin diaphragm ne, kuma ɗaukar injin kwampreso na iska yana ɗaukar zamewa, kuma akwai bushes masu ɗaukar 5 gabaɗaya..
The centrifugal compressor yana amfani da tsarin samar da mai mai zaman kansa.Nau'in man kwampreso mai lubricating shine man mai mai N46.Man mai mai mai na iya shiga tsakanin diamita na shaft da magudanar ruwa ta hanyar jujjuyawar diamita na shaft kanta.
2 Matsaloli a cikin aiki na centrifugal compressors
2.1 Akwai manyan matsaloli
Bayan cikakken gyara a cikin 2019, damfarar iska na centrifugal na sashin raba iska ya yi aiki da sauƙi a cikin shekara guda, ba tare da babban gazawa ba da ƙarancin gazawa.Koyaya, a cikin Oktoba 2020, zazzabi na babban daji mai ɗaukar hoto na centrifugal compressor ya sami hauhawar hauhawa.Yanayin zafin ya kai ma'aunin ma'aunin celcius 82.1, sannan a hankali ya koma baya bayan tashinsa, kuma ya daidaita a kusan ma'aunin Celsius 75.Kwamfarar centrifugal ya sami ƙarancin zafin jiki yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa, kuma yawan zafin jiki yakan bambanta kowane lokaci, kusan ma'aunin Celsius 80.
2.2 Duban jiki
Dangane da matsalar hauhawar zafin jiki mara kyau na centrifugal kwampreso, don tabbatar da amincin aiki na centrifugal kwampreso, L kamfanin ya tarwatsa da kuma duba centrifugal kwampreso jiki a watan Disamba, kuma za a iya a fili lura cewa akwai lubrication a cikin. babban yankin tayal mai goyan bayan babban zafin jiki mai yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da sabon abu.Yayin duban waje na kwampreso na centrifugal, an gano jimillar pad biyu masu ɗauke da iskar carbon, kuma ɗaya daga cikin pads ɗin yana da rami mai nisa na kusan 10mmX15mm, kuma rami mafi zurfi ya kai kusan 0.4mm.
3. Binciken dalilan da ke haifar da hauhawar yanayin zafi mara kyau na centrifugal compressor bearing daji
Bisa nazarin masana fasaha, manyan dalilan da ke haifar da hauhawar yanayin zafi na centrifugal compressor bearing daji sune kamar haka: (1) ingancin mai.Lokacin da centrifugal kwampreso ke gudana a babban gudun, babban zafin jiki da yanayin matsa lamba zai haifar da tsufa na mai mai mai, wanda zai haifar da mummunar tasiri akan tasirin gyare-gyare na centrifugal compressor.Bisa kididdigar da kwararrun masana suka yi, a duk lokacin da yanayin zafi ya tashi da digiri 10, saurin tsufar man mai zai ninka sau biyu, don haka idan aikin man mai ya yi rauni, saurin tsufa zai ragu sosai a yanayin zafi mai zafi. .Binciken da aka yi na man mai ya gano cewa da yawa daga cikin alamomin ba su cika daidaitattun buƙatun ba [1] (2) Yawan man da aka yi amfani da su.Idan an ƙara man mai da yawa, zai haifar da ajiyar carbon a cikin yawan man mai a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai yawa, saboda yawan man mai zai haifar da rashin isasshen mai, kuma cakuda man da ke da wuyar jurewa kuma yana da danko. zauna kusa da daji mai ɗaukar nauyi , yana haifar da raguwa a cikin ƙaddamarwa, ƙara yawan lalacewa da nauyin kullun, wanda zai haifar da karuwa mara kyau a cikin zafin jiki na kushin ɗaukar hoto saboda babban rikici.(3) Rufewa marar al'ada.Bisa binciken da kwararrun masanan suka gudanar, mako guda kafin wani yanayi mara kyau na hawan dajin da ke dauke da na’urar kwampreso ta centrifugal, an samu matsala mai yawan gaske ta katse tururi a masana’antar, lamarin da ya kai ga rufewar na’urar damfara.Rufewar da ba ta dace ba zai haifar da axial Force da rashin daidaiton ƙarfi na centrifugal su karu nan take, ta yadda za su ƙara nauyin aiki na daji mai ɗaukar nauyi, yana haifar da haɓakar zafin mai mai mai.
4 Ingantattun matakan kariya don haɓakar zafin jiki na centrifugal compressor bearing daji
Da farko, ya zama dole don inganta ingancin man mai don tabbatar da cewa ma'auni na man fetur na iya saduwa da ainihin yanayin aiki na centrifugal compressor.Ana iya inganta man mai mai mai ta hanyar ƙara antioxidants, masu hana rikice-rikice da magungunan kumfa zuwa man mai mai.Performance, na iya cimma sakamako mai kyau, rage saurin tsufa na mai mai, don hana tasirin lubricating na ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa daga raguwa saboda saurin tsufa na mai mai, kuma yana iya magance matsalar rashin yanayin zafi mara kyau. madaidaicin madauri [2].
Na biyu, adadin man mai da ake amfani da shi yana buƙatar kulawa sosai.Dangane da takamaiman yanayin aiki na kwampreso na centrifugal, adadin man mai da aka ƙara yakamata a sarrafa shi a cikin kewayon da ya dace.Yawan man mai mai yawa ko kadan zai haifar da kwampreso na centrifugal ga rashin aiki.Don haka, ya zama dole a lissafta daidai adadin yawan amfani da mai na centrifugal compressor da kuma cika isasshiyar man mai a cikin lokaci.
Bugu da ƙari kuma, saboda goyon bayan saman goyon baya na centrifugal compressor an yi shi da kayan aiki mai wuyar gaske, saurin lalacewa yana da ɗan jinkiri, don haka ana iya tsaftace ajiyar carbon akan kushin turawa tare da kerosene don magance matsalar ajiyar carbon, ta haka ne. murmurewa Ƙarƙashin ƙarewar kushin turawa zai iya samun sakamako mai kyau bayan jiyya.Bugu da kari, bisa la’akari da matsalar rashin isassun ramukan magudanar man da ke cikin zoben da ke dauke da shi, za a rage yawan dawo da mai, wanda hakan zai shafi tasirin dawo da mai.Hanyar damuwa a cikin buɗewar zobe mai ɗaukar hoto an karɓa, kuma mai fasaha yana sake lissafin matsayi na budewa The matsin lamba, da kuma sadarwa tare da masana'anta, ya karu da wedge, don haka man mai mai mai zai iya shiga cikin saman daji mai ɗaukar nauyi samar da fim din mai.
A karshe, don magance wannan matsala, ana amfani da pads biyu na ƙasa a cikin sabon kwanon rufi don goge gashin mai, ƙara buhun mai, ƙara yawan man mai a lokacin aiki da kullin, da kuma yin hulɗar tsakanin maɗaurin. kushin da shaft diamita mafi uniform., don tabbatar da cewa wurin tuntuɓar tsakanin daji mai ɗaukar hoto da diamita na shaft na iya saduwa da buƙatun inganci.A lokaci guda kuma, ana amfani da hanyar gogewa don goge duk tabon da ke akwai don tabbatar da ingancin ya cancanta [3].
Bayan ɗaukar matakan da aka ɗauka na sama, an warware matsalar ƙarancin zafin jiki na centrifugal compressor.Bayan mako guda na gwaji da gwaji, za'a iya sarrafa zafin daji mai ɗaukar nauyi tsakanin 50-60 digiri Celsius, kuma ƙimar girgiza yana cikin kewayon ƙayyadaddun.A ciki, tasirin canji a bayyane yake.
ƙarshe
A takaice dai, wannan labarin ya yi nazari sosai kan dalilan da ke haifar da hauhawar zazzabin cizon sauro na centrifugal compressor bearing bushes, da kuma gabatar da matakan da suka dace, da fatan taka wata rawa wajen yin tunani da kuma taimakawa wajen samar da masana'antu na kasata.