Kamar yadda kowa ya sani, fiye da rabin makamashin duniya yana asara ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kuma kashi 70% -80% na lalacewar injuna da kayan aiki a duniya yana faruwa ne sakamakon tashe-tashen hankula.Don haka, tarihin ci gaban injin mu na ɗan adam shima tarihin gwagwarmayar ɗan adam ne tare da gogayya.Shekaru da yawa, mu ’yan adam mun kasance don shawo kan asarar da ke haifar da gogayya ga kayan aikin injiniya.An biya farashi mai nauyi sosai, duk da cewa an samu wasu nasarorin da aka samu don rage asarar da ake samu sakamakon tashe-tashen hankula, amma ba a samu hakikanin maganin matsalar tabarbarewar al’amura ba a fagen bambance-bambance.Asarar makamashi da albarkatu da tashe-tashen hankula ya kawo mana mutane har yanzu yana da yawa.Sau da yawa ana yin watsi da tasirin man mai akan amfani da makamashi na kayan aiki.Duk sassan kayan aikin gabaɗaya suna shafa juna yayin aiki.Matsayin lubricating mai shine don guje wa bushewar juzu'i tsakanin sassa.Gogayya ba kawai yana haifar da lalacewa na kayan aiki ba, har ma da juriya yana haifar da juriya.Idan babu man shafawa, kayan aikin ba kawai za su ƙare ba, amma kuma juriya da aka haifar da gogayya zai cinye ƙarin ƙarfin aiki.
Babban matsalar ita ce: Sau da yawa muna yin watsi da man shafawa na kayan aiki, har ma ba mu san yadda ake amfani da man shafawa daidai ba, kuma ba mu san alakar da ke tsakaninsa da ceton makamashi ba.
1. Alakar da ke tsakanin lubrication da ceton makamashi:
A ƙasa, muna amfani da ƙa'idodin jiki masu sauƙi don fahimtar rawar mai mai a cikin kiyaye makamashi.Lokacin da muke amfani da man fetur da makamashin lantarki don fitar da motoci ko wasu kayan aikin masana'antu, muna canza man fetur da makamashin lantarki zuwa makamashin motsa jiki na kayan aiki.Idan man fetur da makamashin lantarki sun canza 100% zuwa makamashin motsa jiki, shine mafi kyawun yanayi, amma ba zai yiwu ba a gaskiya, saboda akwai rikici, kuma wani ɓangare na makamashi ya ɓace ta hanyar rikici.Lokacin aiki, makamashin E da kayan aiki ke cinyewa ya kasu kashi biyu:
E = W (k) + W (f), inda W (k) shine makamashin motsa jiki na aikin kayan aiki, W (f) shine makamashin da ake cinyewa ta hanyar cin nasara a lokacin aiki da kuma shawo kan rikici a cikin motsi W (f) = f * S, inda S shine adadin canjin ƙaura, ƙarfin juzu'i a cikin motsi na abu f = μFN inda shine matsi mai kyau, μ shine madaidaicin juzu'i na farfajiyar lamba, a bayyane yake, mafi girman ƙimar juzu'i. , mafi girman ƙarfin juzu'i, kuma ƙarin Makamashi yana shawo kan juzu'i, kuma ƙimar juzu'i yana da alaƙa da rashin ƙarfi na saman.Ta hanyar lubrication, ƙididdige ƙimar juzu'i na farfajiyar lamba yana raguwa, don haka yana taka rawar rage gogayya da ceton kuzari.
A cikin 1960s, Rahoton Jost na Ƙasar Ingila ya yi lissafi.Ga ƙasashe da yawa, kusan kashi 10% na babban samfuran ƙasa (GNP) ana cinye su akan yadda za a shawo kan rikice-rikice, kuma yawancin kayan aiki sun gaza ko ma sun lalace saboda lalacewa da tsagewa..Jost Report ya kuma yi kiyasin cewa 1.3% ~ 1.6% na GNP za a iya samun ceto ta hanyar aikace-aikacen kimiyya na tribology, kuma aikace-aikacen kimiyya na tribology a zahiri ya haɗa da amfani da man shafawa masu dacewa.
2. Dangantakar dake tsakanin lubricating zabin mai da tanadin makamashi:
Babu shakka, man shafawa na iya rage ɓacin rai a saman gogayya, amma man shafawa wani sinadari ne mai haɗaɗɗiyar abubuwa.Bari mu dubi abun da ke tattare da man mai: Man shafawa: mai tushe + abubuwan da ake ƙara man shafawa: mai tushe + mai kauri + ƙari
Daga cikin su, za a iya raba mai tushe zuwa ma'adinai da man roba, kuma man ma'adinai an raba shi zuwa API I type oil, API II type oil, API III oil.Akwai nau'ikan mai da yawa, na gama gari sune PAO/SHC, GTL, PIB, PAG, ester oil (dister oil, polyester oil POE), man silicone, PFPE.
Akwai ƙarin nau'ikan addittu, ɗaukar man injin a matsayin misali, gami da wanki da tarwatsawa, magungunan rigakafin sawa, antioxidants, masu hana tsatsa, masu haɓaka index danko, masu hana kumfa, da sauransu, kuma masana'antun daban-daban suna da nau'ikan iri daban-daban. additives.Daban-daban, irin su masu haɓaka index danko, akwai nau'ikan iri da yawa.Ana iya ganin cewa man mai ba shi da sauƙi kamar yadda muke tunani.Saboda hadadden tsarin sinadarai, gibin da ke tattare da fasaha da fasaha zai haifar da bambance-bambance a cikin aikin mai.Don haka, ingancin man mai ya bambanta, kuma bai isa a yi amfani da shi ba.Muna buƙatar zaɓar da ido mai mahimmanci.Man mai mai inganci mai inganci ba zai iya tsayayya da lalacewa kawai da hana lalacewa na kayan aiki ba, amma kuma yana taimakawa adana kuzari zuwa wani yanki.
3. Lubricating man kawai lissafin 1% ~ 3% na jimlar kayan aikin kula da kayan aiki!
Zuba hannun jarin mai shine kawai kusan 1% ~ 3% na jimlar zuba jarin kulawa.Tasirin wannan 1% ~ 3% yana da alaƙa da abubuwa da yawa: rayuwar sabis na dogon lokaci na kayan aiki, ƙimar gazawar, ƙimar gazawar ta shafi raguwar lokaci da yawan aiki, da ƙimar kulawa daidai, amfani da makamashi, da dai sauransu. Matsalolin lubrication ba kawai haifar da lalacewa ba. abubuwan da aka gyara, amma kuma suna haɓaka farashin ma'aikatan kulawa.Bugu da ƙari, rufewar lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewa, gazawar kayan aiki, da aiki mara ƙarfi zai haifar da asarar kaya da samfur.Sabili da haka, saka hannun jari a cikin wannan 1% na iya taimakawa kamfanoni su adana farashi masu alaƙa da samarwa.Sauran kashe kuɗi don kayan aiki, ma'aikata, amfani da makamashi, farashin kulawa da kayan aiki.
Tare da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha, musamman ci gaban fasahar nanotechnology, mu mutane mun sami sabbin hanyoyi da dama don shawo kan rikice-rikice da rage asarar da rikici ke haifarwa.Ana gane shi ta hanyar amfani da nanotechnology zuwa fagen juzu'i.A cikin wurin warkar da kai na sawa daga saman karfe ta amfani da nanotechnology.Ƙarfe yana da nanometerized, don haka inganta ƙarfi, taurin, rashin ƙarfi na ƙasa, juriya mai zafi da juriya na lalacewar ƙarfe, da cimma burin rage rikici tsakanin saman ƙarfe zuwa mafi ƙanƙanta.saboda haka.Har ila yau, ta cimma burin ’yan Adam na yunƙurin samar da makamashi, albarkatu, kare muhalli, da fa'ida daga tashe-tashen hankula.
Traditional air compressor lubricating man "mai kyau" idan dai ba gel da carbon ajiya a lokacin canjin man fetur?Ba tare da la'akari da yanayin zafi da yanayin aiki na manyan injina ba, gears, da rotors maza da mata, yanzu akwai manyan fasahar man shafawa na mota da aka shigar a cikin lubrication na kwampreso na iska, wanda ke kawo ƙarin ceton kuzari, natsuwa, da tsawon rai ga iska. compressor.Dukanmu mun san cewa ana amfani da man shafawa daban-daban don tuƙi.Har yanzu akwai babban bambanci tsakanin gogewa da amfani da mai da rayuwar injin!Mafi yawan masana'antun, 'yan kasuwa, da masu amfani sun yi watsi da aikin kwampresar iska.Masu son kallon tashin hankali, masana kuma suna kallon kofar.Gabatar da fasahar lubrication na mota a cikin aikace-aikacen damfarar iska yana da haɓaka masu zuwa:
1. Rage aikin halin yanzu, saboda karfin juriya da juriya na sake zagayowar lubrication sun ragu, yawan aiki na yanzu na kwampreshin iska na 22 kW gabaɗaya yana rage fiye da 2A, adana 1KW a kowace awa, da sa'o'i 8000 na canjin mai. sake zagayowar iya ajiye makamashi amfani da 8000KW;2 , A natse, saukar da runduna ta al'ada ta yi shuru sosai, kuma hayaniyar mai watsa shiri ta ragu a yanayin lodawa.Babban dalili shine don ƙara kayan ƙari tare da ƙarancin juzu'i mai ƙarancin ƙarfi, wanda ke sa aikin ya zama santsi, kuma ana iya inganta rundunar mai hayaniya sosai;3. Rage jitter, kayan gyare-gyare na kai suna yin Layer na "nano-diamond ball" da "nano-lu'u-lu'u fim" an kafa su a saman karfe mai gudu, wanda zai dade na dogon lokaci;4. Rage yawan zafin jiki, kuma ya zama ruwan dare ga injin kwampreso na iska ya tsaya a babban zafin jiki.Babban aikin lubricating mai yana rage juzu'i da zafi, yana haɓaka haɓakar thermal, Rage matsanancin zafin jiki na bearings, gears, da rotors namiji da mace;5. Tsawaita rayuwar man mai.Bugu da ƙari ga gelling ko rayuwar mai mai da ke ƙayyade juriya na iskar shaka, wani muhimmin al'amari shine yanayin zafi na wurin extrusion meshing.Yanayin zafin jiki yana sauka daga 300 ° C zuwa 150 ° C.Matsakaicin zafin jiki yana daya daga cikin dalilan da ke haifar da rushewar sarkar kwayoyin mai mai mai da kuma samuwar ajiyar carbon a cikin siminti;6. Tsawaita rayuwar babban injin.Material, forming wani Layer na Nano-matakin m m fim a kan Gudun surface, sabõda haka, karfe saman ba su shãfe juna da kuma taba sa, don haka ƙwarai tabbatar da sabis rayuwa na rundunar.
Mai lubricating anti-wear na adana makamashi mai ƙarfi: adana ƙarin wutar lantarki a cikin awa ɗaya, kuma mai watsa shiri zai šauki tsawon shekaru da yawa!Kula da abokan ciniki da samar da ayyuka masu daraja!'Yan uwa har yanzu kuna ganin duk mai mai mai iri daya ne?