1. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba Adsorption
Adsorption yana nufin cewa lokacin da ruwa (gas ko ruwa) ke hulɗa da wani abu mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ɗaya ko fiye da abubuwan da ke cikin ruwan ana canjawa wuri zuwa farfajiyar waje na porous abu da kuma ciki na micropores don wadatar da waɗannan saman. samar da wani Layer na monomolecular ko multimolecules Layer tsari.
Ruwan da ake shafa ana kiransa adsorbate, kuma gaɓoɓin barbashi da kansu ana kiran su adsorbent.
Saboda abubuwan da ke cikin jiki da keɓaɓɓun kayan adsorbate da adsorbent, damar adsorption na adsorbates na daban-daban shi ma sun banbanta.Tare da babban zaɓi na adsorption, za a iya wadatar da abubuwan da ke cikin lokacin talla da lokacin sha, don gane rabuwar abubuwa.
2. Adsorption / desorption tsari
Tsarin Adsorption: Ana iya la'akari da shi azaman tsari na maida hankali ko kuma a matsayin tsari na liquefaction.Sabili da haka, ƙananan zafin jiki kuma mafi girma da matsa lamba, mafi girma ƙarfin talla.Ga duk masu shayarwa, iskar gas mafi sauƙi (mafi girma wurin tafasa) iskar gas sun ƙara tallatawa, kuma ƙarancin iskar gas ɗin (ƙananan tafasa) iskar gas ɗin yana tallata ƙasa.
Tsarin lalacewa: Ana iya la'akari da shi azaman tsari na gasification ko canzawa.Sabili da haka, mafi girma da zafin jiki da ƙananan matsa lamba, da ƙarin kammala desorption.Ga duk wani nau'i na sorbents, mafi yawan iskar gas (mafi girma tafasa) iskar gas ba su da yuwuwar yayyafawa, kuma ƙarancin iskar gas (ƙananan tafasasshen wuri) ana samun sauƙin narkewa.
3. Ka'idar rabuwar adsorption da rarraba ta
Adsorption ya kasu kashi-kashi na jiki da kuma adsorption na sinadarai.
Ka'idar rabuwa ta jiki: Ana samun rabuwa ta hanyar amfani da bambanci a cikin karfin adsorption (van der Waals force, electrostatic force) tsakanin kwayoyin halitta ko kungiyoyi a kan m surface da kasashen waje kwayoyin.Girman ƙarfin haɓakawa yana da alaƙa da kaddarorin duka masu haɓakawa da haɓakawa.
Ka'idar rabuwar sinadarai ta dogara ne akan tsarin tallan da ke faruwa a cikin abin da ke faruwa a cikin wani abu mai mahimmanci don haɗawa da adsorbate da adsorbent tare da haɗin sunadarai, don haka zaɓin yana da ƙarfi.Chemisorption gabaɗaya yana jinkiri, yana iya ƙirƙirar monolayer kawai kuma ba zai iya jurewa ba.
4. Nau'in Adsorbent na kowa
Abubuwan talla na yau da kullun sun haɗa da: sieves na kwayoyin, carbon da aka kunna, gel silica, da alumina da aka kunna.
Siffar kwayoyin halitta: Yana da tsarin tashar microporous na yau da kullun, tare da takamaiman yanki na kusan 500-1000m²/g, galibi micropores, kuma rarraba girman pore yana tsakanin 0.4-1nm.Ana iya canza halayen adsorption na sieves na kwayoyin ta hanyar daidaita tsarin sieve kwayoyin halitta, abun da ke ciki da kuma nau'in cations.Siffofin kwayoyin halitta galibi sun dogara ne akan sifa mai siffa da kuma filin ƙarfin Coulomb tsakanin madaidaicin cation da tsarin sieve na ƙwayoyin cuta don samar da adsorption.Suna da kyakkyawan yanayin zafi da kwanciyar hankali na hydrothermal kuma ana amfani dasu sosai a cikin rabuwa da tsarkakewa na nau'ikan iskar gas da ruwa daban-daban.Adsorbent yana da halaye na zaɓi mai ƙarfi, zurfin talla mai zurfi da babban ƙarfin talla lokacin amfani da shi;
Carbon da aka kunna: Yana da wadataccen micropore da tsarin mesopore, takamaiman yanki na yanki kusan 500-1000m²/g, kuma rarraba girman pore galibi a cikin kewayon 2-50nm.Carbon da aka kunna galibi yana dogara ne akan ƙarfin van der Waals wanda adsorbate ya haifar don samar da talla, kuma ana amfani dashi galibi don tallan abubuwan da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta, ɗaukar nauyin kwayoyin halitta na hydrocarbon adsorption da cirewa, deodorant, da sauransu;
Silica gel: Ƙayyadadden yanki na silica gel-based adsorbents shine kimanin 300-500m²/g, yawanci mesoporous, tare da girman girman girman 2-50nm, kuma saman ciki na pores yana da wadata a cikin ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl.An fi amfani dashi don bushewa adsorption da adsorption na matsa lamba don samar da CO₂, da dai sauransu;
Alumina da aka kunna: takamaiman yanki shine 200-500m²/g, galibi mesopores, kuma rarraba girman pore shine 2-50nm.Ana amfani da shi musamman wajen bushewa da bushewa, tsaftacewar iskar gas na sharar acid, da sauransu.
